Commiting
The key component of git is the commits. A commit is single point in the Git history; the entire history of a project is represented as a set of interrelated commits.
By good practice, commits should be atomic. This means each commit should relate to only one feature. This makes it easier to control, and roll back.
Commit Message
A commit contains the current contents of the index and the given log message describing the changes.
The commit message should follow:
- Is recommended by Git that the message is written in present tense + imperative
- Similar to giving orders to the machine
- Some examples:
Fix bug in template codeMake script compatible with centos
Ammending
Ammending a commit replaces the tip of the current branch by creating a new commit that starts from the last one.
In practice it can be used to “fix” the last commit.
The changes to ammend need to be staged
Ignoring files and directories
Files that should not bre tracked by git can be specified in a .gitignore file.
The file supports files, directories and also glob expressions to match several files at the same time.
More information can be seen in the https://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore